Create or select a project to start.
Create or select a project first.
Manual Citation Entry
Paste Citation from Website
Paste any citation copied from LexisNexis, Westlaw, AustLII, Jade, Informit etc. — AI will parse it and fill in the form below.
Surname only for individuals · No & Anor/Ors · Abbreviate: & Co Ltd Pty
Surname only for individuals · No & Anor/Ors · Abbreviate: & Co Ltd Pty
Volume number within the series (if any).
r2.2.1/r24.1.4: Round brackets if series uses sequential volumes across years; square brackets if volumes reset each year (eg [2017] 3 WLR); no brackets for Scottish year-organised series (eg 2008 SLT 1049).
Omit for US Supreme Court. State: abbreviated state + court unless highest court.
Optional
No signal = directly supports / is quoted. 'See' = qualified support. 'Cf' = contrast. 'See, eg,' = one of several authorities.
Pages: 215 · Para: [34] NOT para 34 · Both: 215 [34] · Span: 431–2 · Para span: [57]–[63]
Joint judgment → JJ after last name. Separate judgments → J after each.
Leave blank — auto-suggested. Default: first party (or second if Crown is first).
Optional. 'affd' (affirmed) or 'revd' (reversed) followed by citation. Added after pinpoint/judge.
r2.1.15 word-saver: if the FULL case name (not just a short title) appears in the sentence, you can omit it from the footnote entirely — the citation starts from the year. Does not apply to subsequent references (short title must still appear in those).
Footnote
Table of Cases Entry (no pinpoint, no full stop)
Subsequent References
Transcript of Proceedings (r2.7.1)
Full case name — italicised in citation.
Page or paragraph reference within the transcript.
Footnote
Table of Cases Entry
Subsequent References
Short title only. Do not include year. For Constitution select type above.
s 2(3) no space · ss 42–9 for spans · pt III div 2 (no comma between levels)
Introduced as ('ACL'). Title must still appear in full in every footnote (r3.5).
Footnote
Table of Legislation Entry
Subsequent References
Separate with ' and '. 4+ authors: enter all — formatter applies 'et al' automatically.
Keep 'The' if it starts the title. Use colon for subtitle (only first subtitle included).
Full title. Do not abbreviate. Omit leading 'The'.
Comma+space before pinpoint for journal articles (r5.7) · eg , 745
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section A)
Subsequent References
Leave blank if editors only. Separate with ' and '.
As on title page. Omit 'The', corporate suffixes (Pty/Ltd), geo designations.
Number only — e.g. 3 → '3rd ed'
Revised/expanded/updated: '3rd rev ed' or 'rev ed'
If editor-only work: enter editors here, leave authors blank.
Space before pinpoint, NO comma (r6.4)
Book short titles are ITALICISED (r1.4.4)
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section A)
Subsequent References
Comma+space before pinpoint for chapters
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section A — under chapter author)
Subsequent References
Reports, Royal Commission reports, Law Reform Commission publications (r7.1–7.1.4)
Omit if no prominent author (Royal Commissions, Panels — r7.1.3)
If title contains 'Final Report' etc, omit from title and put type below
Only if source is part of a numbered series
Optional. r4.4: URL placed after pinpoint, before short title. No retrieval date needed.
r1.4.4: Report short titles are italicised (report titles are italicised). Only add if you will re-cite this report.
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section A)
Subsequent References
International treaties and conventions (r8)
Italicised. Omit purely procedural components (date/place of signature).
Omit for multilateral (4+ signatories). Separate with en-dash (–). r8.2.
Volume number or [year] for year-organised series
Prefer UNTS/LNTS; then ATS; then others (r8.4)
r8.7: space before, NO preceding comma or punctuation. Use art, para, s.
Treaty short titles are ITALICISED (r8.8)
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section D)
Subsequent References
Printed and electronic newspaper articles (r7.11)
Omit if unsigned. Use 'Editorial' as author for editorials (r7.11.4).
Include 'The' if it appears in the masthead. Italicised.
Print only — city of newspaper headquarters
Electronic articles only. Enclose in < >. Do not include retrieval date (r4.4).
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section A)
Subsequent References
Dictionary entries — online dictionaries (r7.6)
Italicised in citation. Full title of the dictionary.
Date you accessed the online dictionary.
The word or phrase you looked up.
Optional. Use when citing a specific numbered definition.
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section E)
Subsequent References
Legal encyclopedias — Halsbury's Laws of Australia etc (r7.7)
Italicised in citation.
Volume/title number followed by topic name.
Chapter number and name. Single quotes added automatically.
Specific paragraph reference (optional).
Footnote
Bibliography Entry (Section E)
Subsequent References
Internet materials, speeches, theses, working papers, press releases, parliamentary debates (r7.2–r7.5, r7.15)
Parl debates: speaker name (first + last, no Senator/MP). Working papers/press releases: use body name if no individual author.
Parl debates: leave blank. Working papers: article title. Press releases: release title.
Internet: website title (italicised, eg Opinions on High). Parl debates: jurisdiction (eg Commonwealth, Victoria).
Internet: 'Blog Post' or 'Web Page'. Working paper: 'Research Paper No 9/2017'. Press release: 'Media Release'. Named lecture: lecture name. Parl: speaker's ministerial position.
Working paper: institution/forum (eg Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge). Parl: chamber (eg Senate, House of Representatives).
Internet materials: include URL. r4.4: no retrieval date needed.
Footnote
Bibliography Entry
Subsequent References
Ibid and subsequent references auto-generated per AGLC4 r1.4.1–r1.4.3.
Create or select a project first.
Re-cite a Source
Search your saved sources — fuzzy AI matching finds it even if spelling is off. Select to add again with a new pinpoint.
Selected Source
Leave blank to repeat same pinpoint as original
Preview
AGLC4 r1.5 — Sections A–E, alphabetical, no pinpoints, no full stops.